side effect of aspirin?

Side Effects of Aspirin: What You Should Know

Aspirin is commonly used as a pain reliever, fever reducer, and anti-inflammatory drug. It’s also widely prescribed to prevent heart attacks and strokes due to its blood-thinning properties. However, like all medications, aspirin can cause side effects, ranging from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects:

1. Gastrointestinal Issues:
   • Stomach Pain: Aspirin can irritate the lining of the stomach, leading to discomfort or pain.
   • Nausea and Vomiting: These are common side effects, especially when aspirin is taken on an empty stomach.
   • Heartburn: Aspirin may cause acid reflux or aggravate existing heartburn.
2. Bleeding and Bruising:
   • Aspirin’s blood-thinning properties increase the risk of easy bruising and bleeding, especially in the stomach or intestines. Even minor cuts may take longer to stop bleeding.
3. Allergic Reactions:
   • Some individuals may be allergic to aspirin, which can cause symptoms such as:
     • Hives
     • Itching
     • Swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
     • Difficulty breathing
     • In severe cases, anaphylaxis may occur, requiring immediate medical attention.
4. Ringing in the Ears (Tinnitus):
   • High doses of aspirin can cause tinnitus, a ringing or buzzing in the ears, which may be an early sign of toxicity.

Serious Side Effects:

1. Gastrointestinal Bleeding:
   • Prolonged or high-dose aspirin use increases the risk of developing gastrointestinal ulcers or bleeding, particularly in the stomach and intestines. Symptoms of internal bleeding may include black, tarry stools or vomiting blood.
2. Hemorrhagic Stroke:
   • While aspirin is used to prevent blood clots, in some cases, it may increase the risk of a hemorrhagic stroke, caused by bleeding in the brain.
3. Reye’s Syndrome:
   • Aspirin should not be given to children or teenagers with viral infections, as it can lead to Reye’s syndrome, a rare but life-threatening condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain.
4. Kidney Damage:
   • Long-term use of aspirin can lead to kidney damage or worsen pre-existing kidney problems, resulting in symptoms such as reduced urine output, fatigue, and swelling in the legs or ankles.
5. Asthma Complications:
   • In some people with asthma, aspirin can trigger an asthma attack or exacerbate symptoms, leading to aspirin-induced asthma.

Who Should Avoid Aspirin?

• People with a history of stomach ulcers, bleeding disorders, or asthma should avoid aspirin unless directed by a doctor.
• Individuals on blood thinners or those with a known aspirin allergy should avoid it due to the risk of severe side effects.
• Pregnant women, especially in the third trimester, should consult their doctor before taking aspirin, as it can lead to complications for both mother and baby.

Tips to Minimize Side Effects:

• Always take aspirin with food or a full glass of water to minimize stomach irritation.
• Avoid alcohol, as it can increase the risk of stomach bleeding.
• Monitor for signs of bleeding or unusual symptoms, and consult a healthcare provider if necessary.

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